...天然林分为3 种类型: 疏林( woodland) , 郁闭度为20%～25%; 半郁闭林( open forest) , 郁闭度为51%～80%; 郁闭林(closed forest) , 郁闭度为81%～ 第15 卷 第4 期 世 界 林 业 研 究 Vol. 15 No.
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祁连山东端封山育林涵养水源作用初步分析 关键词 封山育林 涵养水源 祁连山 [gap=669]Key words closed forest; water conservation effects; Qilian mountain
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在科特迪瓦这个非洲最大的木材出口国(1980年木材出口收入为3亿美元)，由于无节制的伐木和垦荒，其封闭林(closed forest)面积减少了2／3；尼日利亚则由木材出口国变成了木材进口国；而喀麦隆以现在速度伐木，90年内将使森林消失。
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By closed forest from 1991 to 2006, forest land area expanded frome 23561 hm2 to 27504.8 hm2, non-forest land reduced from 3430 hm2 to zero, the forest coverage rate increased from 85.2% to 86.2%.
经过1991~2006年的封山育林,有林地面积由23561 hm2扩大到27504.8 hm2,无林地从3430 hm2减少到零,森林覆被率由85.2%提高到86.2%,封育效果较好。
参考来源 - 南泥湾林区不同植被恢复途径比较分析·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
We can't prove it but it's probably important because in that case, primates had to live near closed environments like gallery forest.
我们虽不能证明这一点，但这点可能很重要，因为只有在这种情况下灵长目动物才不得不生活在像长廊林这样封闭的环境。
They ate one another's entrails and the forest closed in on them, on their bones and skulls, on their lace tufa. Their language was lost.
他们吃伙伴的内脏，森林围住了他们，围住了他们的骨头，脑壳和饰有花边的石灰岩，他们的语言便消失了。
U. S. Forest Service officials are reminding people to stay off Forest Service roads that are closed.
美国林务局官员提醒人们远离已封闭的林务道路。
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