closed-loop service
闭环服务
以上为机器翻译结果，长、整句建议使用 人工翻译 。
American Express says it is uniquely positioned to offer the service thanks to its "closed-loop" business model in which it acts as card issuer, merchant acquirer and payment processing operator.
BBC: Foursquare and Amex join forces in UK to offer discounts
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