Chronic exposure to Cd mainly causes the renal proximal tubule damage, which represents that the excretion of proteinuria, glucosuria and aminoaciduria.

慢性接触镉主要引起肾小管损伤，表现为蛋白尿、糖尿和氨基酸尿。

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Chronic exposure of animals to dioxins has resulted in several types of cancer.

动物慢性接触二恶英已导致几种类型的癌症。

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That is the difference between acute and chronic exposure, and it is a difference most people understand.

这就是急性暴露和慢性暴露的区别，大多数人都能理解这两者的不同之处。

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It talks about research needed on people with chronic exposure to OPs claiming ill health problems.

BBC: News | HEALTH | Sheep dip: The reaction

It is important to mention that this condition is not a burn, but just a skin condition that develops as a result of chronic exposure to moderate heat.

FORBES: Some Like It Hot

If you have a history of asthma or emphysema, (COPD) or other chronic lung disease, limit your exposure to the cold temperatures.

FORBES: Important Cold Weather Safety and Tips