Alan Turing, a mathematician most famous for his work on breaking the German Enigma codes, was convicted of 'gross indecency' in 1952 and sentenced to chemical castration.

阿兰·图灵是一位数学家，他最著名的工作就是破译了德国的恩尼格玛密码。1952年，他被判“严重猥亵罪”并且被迫进行了化学阉割治疗。

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Both chemical reactions and genetic codes are involved in this process as well as facets of the gene structures that have yet to come online.

既是化学反应又是基因代码被包含在这过程里以及还没有出现的联机基因构造的多面。

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In much the same way that dealing with a patchwork of state regulations often has U.S. companies shifting practices long before the federal government requires them to, complying with assorted international chemical regulations, not to mention supplier codes of conduct from large companies, may have U.S. companies eliminating the most toxic chemicals whether TSCA is reformed or not.

FORBES: How International Regulations Are Changing American Supply Chains

Nano bar codes are the molecular versions of traditional bar codes--metal nano-particles that have specific, recognizable chemical fingerprints that can be read by a machine, perhaps a UV lamp or optical microscope.

FORBES: Safer And Guilt-Free Nano Foods