The deep dielectric charging effect in polymeric materials is one of the most important factors threatening the satellite's life in space environment.

空间辐射环境下聚合物绝缘材料的深层充放电效应是威胁航天器安全的重要因素之一。

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This policy had already had the effect of making interest rates negative, in the very practical sense that UBS was charging institutional customers who held excess deposits in their accounts.

这种政策已经有效的造就了负利率的现状，因为现实中瑞士银行要应付那些在自己账户上拥有超额存款的机构顾客。

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E.We will effect insurance against All Risks, as requested, charging premium and freight for the consignees.

我们将按要求对货物投保一切险，保费和运费将向收货人收取。

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Having said this, what creativity has in common from one company or brand to the next is that if it catches on with consumers, it can have a turbo-charging effect.

FORBES: What Does Creativity Look Like in Branding These Days? Three Marketing Pros Weigh In.

If you overestimate your monthly needs, Zact will actually credit your account at the end of the billing cycle, in effect charging you only for the plan you should have chosen based on usage.

FORBES: Connect

But that would have much the same effect as charging people with bad prospects higher premiums.

ECONOMIST: Testing times | The