(二)在光合作用、呼吸作用及其他有关的生物能量学(bioenergetics)方面,透过一层膜发生的 电荷分离 ( charge separation )是如何达成的?
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Photoinduced charge separation 电荷分离
space charge separation 空间电荷分离
thunderstorm charge separation 雷雨电荷分离 ; 雷暴电荷分离
Primary charge separation 原初电荷分离
charge separation techniques 电荷分离方法
long lived charge separation 长寿命电荷分离
charge flow separation 电流分离法 ; 电荷流式分离
charge spin separation 电荷自旋分离
Charge separation stabilizes shampoo foam.
维持洗发水泡沫稳定的是分离电荷。
We don't actually have much charge separation in this case here.
我们在这种情况下其实没有很多电荷分开。
It is an integral part of the electron transport chain that catalyses primary charge separation.
这是一对电子传递链的电荷分离催化的主要组成部分。
We don't actually have much charge separation in this case here.
我们在这种情况下其实没有很多电荷分开。
It's always a good first approximation, because you need to start somewhere in terms of drawing Lewis structures, but then if you go and figure out the formal charge and you just have lots of charge separation or very high charges, like a plus 2 and a minus 2 and a minus 1 all different places in the atom, what it should tell you is maybe there's a better structure.
它总是一个好的第一近似,因为在画路易斯结构的时候,你总需要一个起点,但是如果你在算出形式电荷之后,发现有很多电荷分开了,或者说有很高的电荷,比如有一个正二,一个负二,还有一个负一1,在原子的各个地方,这应该就是在告诉你,或许还有一个更好的路易斯结构。
But we could, for example, look at a case where we have several different structures that look pretty good, and the one we want to determine as being the lowest energy structure is the one in which the absolute values of the formal charges are going to be lower, so essentially that they have less charge separation.
但是我们可能,比如,遇到一种情况,有好几个候选的路易斯结构看起来都挺好的,这时候我们就需要,通过比较哪个形式电荷的绝对值更低,来决定哪个结构的能量更低,本质上这个结构中分开的电荷更少。
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