There is a performance overhead involved with readers/writers because they are intended for character streams, and they encode data to bytes under the covers.
读取器/写入器有性能开销，因为它们旨在用于字符流，且会在后台将数据编码为字节。
ASCII streams, for ASCII character data.
ascii流，用于ASCII字符数据。
Unicode streams, for Unicode character data.
unicode流，用于Unicode字符数据。
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