In their study, the team first gave mice a cancer-causing agent. All of the male mice developed liver cancer, compared to one out of five of the females.

在他们的研究中，他们首先给小鼠致癌剂，所有的雄性小鼠都罹患肝癌，相比之下只有五分之一的雌性小鼠产生肝癌。

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HCC is a cancer originating in liver cells and accounts for approximately 5.4 per cent of all cancers worldwide, causing 695,000 deaths per year.

肝细胞癌是起源于肝细胞的癌症，约占全球所有癌症的5.4%，每年造成695000人死亡。

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The researchers also treated a third group of male mice with estrogen and then gave them the cancer-causing agent. In this case, rates of liver cancer remained the same as in normal female mice.

他们给第三组雄性小鼠雌激素，然后给与致癌剂，在这种情况下，肝癌的发生率与正常雌性小鼠相同。

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Apart from disfiguring the skin, after two decades arsenic poisoning has a high risk of causing fatal cancer in the lungs, liver, bladder and kidneys.

ECONOMIST: Scientists have offered a solution to the arsenic wells

Take the Aral Sea in Central Asia, now a shrunken, poisonous cesspool of pesticide residues and toxic chemicals that are causing an explosion of chronic bronchitis, cancer, typhoid and hepatitis, kidney and liver disease.

FORBES: The Story Of Eau