The bill extended regulation in a number of ways: consumer protection, higher capital standards for major institutions, greater transparency for complex financial instruments.

法案以多种方式扩大了监管，诸如消费者保护；提供主要机构的资金标准；要求复杂金融工具提高透明度。

youdao

Many of the new-fangled instruments became popular because they got around financial regulations, such as rules on Banks' capital adequacy.

许多新奇工具的流行是因为他们可以绕过类似银行资本充足率一类的金融监管。

youdao

When an extra capital cushion was needed to protect depositors and other creditors, these hybrid instruments could not provide it without the bank first defaulting.

当需要额外缓冲资金保护储户和其他债权人的时候，这些混合工具若在银行没有破产的情况下是无法提供这笔资金的。

youdao

The bank had a tier 1 capital ratio of 11.3% at the end of the second quarter, while its core tier 1 ratio, which excludes hybrid capital instruments, stood at 7.5%.

FORBES

This is a graduate student competition to create new financial instruments for institutional investors to place capital in impact investing.

FORBES: Forget The Big Bucks...Today's Investor Also Wants A Different Kind Of Return On His Money

One way of doing that is to provide an exemption from capital-gains taxation on all debt or equity instruments used in the next six months to invest in the troubled auto makers.

WSJ: Let's Cut Cap-Gains Taxes on Auto Investments