They're gradual variations but their effects can be pretty abrupt.

它们是渐进的变化，但它们的影响可能是相当突然的。

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These light bulbs look the same, but their effects on the environment are different.

这些灯泡看起来一样，但对环境的影响各不相同。

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Conclusion Both acute and chronic PRS induce visceral hypersensitivity, but their effects may be transient.

结论急性和慢性束缚应激都可以导致大鼠内脏敏感性增高，但其作用可能是短暂的。

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And not only numbers matter but the wider effects matter; their families back home, their dependents.

不仅人数重要，更广泛的影响也很重要;,他们在国内有家庭，有亲人。

耶鲁公开课 - 公正课程节选

The circuit breakers successfully prevented a serious problem from growing into another flash crash, but their effects on the markets are very disruptive.

FORBES: After the Knight Capital Catastrophe, Throttle the Traders, Not the Markets

But their side-effects can upset the function of the body's immune system, which could be crucial in a severely injured patient, who needs to fight potential infection.

BBC: Heading for trouble

So while the hubbub is going on in Boston and New York, keep your eye on all of this year's races -- not only for their outcomes, but for their potentially dramatic ripple effects as well.

CNN: What Kerry needs in Boston