In the bureaucracy system of the Qing Dynasty, Beijing officials as a significant number of bureaucratic groups, an official with the state of his post is a major topic.

在清代的官僚体制中，京官作为一个相当数量的官僚群体，其仕进与为官状态无疑是一重要话题。

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Bureaucratic offices are the means to control affairs and are the foundation of state administration.

设置各级官吏，主管各项事务，是治理国家的根本措施。

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Such states, of course, did not need a bureaucracy for there were no vast royal or state holdings that needed management and not much economic surplus to support a bureaucratic class.

国家无需官僚体制,因为没有庞大的皇室家族,和国家财富需要管理,也没多少经济盈余能够维持官僚阶级

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Italy remains bureaucratic and highly state-regulated.

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Where once ministers would have tried to pull some bureaucratic lever to shape state services, now their job is simply to create the conditions for others to hold providers to account.

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The rural poor are more at home with traditional forms of authority, such as village chiefs, than with the bureaucratic paraphernalia of a modern state.

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