The photosensitivedyebound to the monocrystalline silicon surface was investigatedby means ofSERS, and SERS which had strongsignal-to-noiseratio (SNR) was obtained.
The dye molecules themselves are bound to tiny particles of titanium dioxide, a less-famous (but cheaper) semiconductor than silicon, and the whole assembly is immersed in an electrolyte and sandwiched between two electrodes.