These organisms absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and take it to the bottom of the ocean when they die, where it stays for thousands of years.

我们知道，浮游生物会吸收大气中的二氧化碳，当它们死亡时会把二氧化碳带入洋底，并在那里停留数千年。

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"The bottom line is organisms that were present in mud, untreated water and feces were with us right from the start of humanity," Rook explained.

博士解释说，“从人类诞生开始，存在于泥土、未经处理的水和粪便中的微生物就伴随我们一起生存。”

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The abundance of organism, nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediment directly reflect the bottom environment which, influences to a certain extent the organisms, their variety and composition.

海湾沉积物中的有机质和氮、磷营养物质丰富与否，直接反映了底质环境的优劣。底质环境的好坏在一定程度上又直接影响生物的生存、发育及种类组成。

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When all the seaweed-eating fish in an area are removed, for example, the seaweed can take over completely, reducing coral cover and thus the diversity of bottom-dwelling organisms.

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Deep clams, worms, crabs and other macro-organisms feed on this community, which comes at the bottom of the food chain.

UNESCO: MEDIA SERVICES