On a "bottom up" alternative drawn from Medieval casuistry, it is richly described paradigm cases, not principles, that have the central role in moral reasoning.

一项来自于中世纪决疑法，自下而上的研究方案指出，道德推理的核心是那些详尽描述的范例，而非原则。

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Bottom up reasoning is counterintuitive.

自下而上的推理方式与人们的直觉相悖。

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