A method calculated emissivity of billet surface is introduced in the paper.
本文介绍了一种计算铸坯表面发射率的方法。
参考来源 - 铸坯表面发射率的计算方法研究·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
There was no obvious oscillation mark on the billet surface. The average steel production of a copper tube was 3700 ton.
铸坯表面质量良好，单根铜管的平均过钢量为3700吨。
Cai Kaike takes the billet surface reheating into account, and establishes a heat transfer and elastic-plastic stress model.
蔡开科考虑铸坯温度回升，建立了铸坯热-弹-塑性应力模型。
In the cross section of square billet, the shrinkage values in the center of billet surface and billet corner are obviously bigger than that in the off-corner.
在方坯横截面上，铸坯表面中心和角部的收缩量明显大于偏角部。
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