Following ratification by three-quarters of the states, Congress passed an income tax bill, and in 1913, President Woodrow Wilson signed it.

FORBES: Soak-The-Rich Taxes Soak Everyone

Woodrow Wilson won only 42% of the popular vote in 1912, and Bill Clinton won 43% in 1992.

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Under Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson, and later under a succession of presidents from Franklin Roosevelt to Bill Clinton, these experiences convinced Americans to change their attitude toward imperial conquest and toward nationalism in countries like the Philippines and Iraq.

NPR: 'Folly of Empire' Offers Critique of U.S. Imperialism