To benefit from the discussion, you should be familiar with at least one procedural programming language and the basic concepts of computer programming, including command-line processing.

要从本讨论中有所收获，应该至少熟悉一门过程编程语言和计算机编程的基本概念，包括命令行处理。

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To approximate the sound of creation, the astronomer used recent advances in cosmic mapping, sophisticated computer programs, and some basic musical concepts.

这位天文学家甚至运用宇宙制图、复杂的计算机程序和一些基本音乐概念去接近宇宙开创之声。

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The former one which introduces basic concepts, principles and techniques of computer to students is compulsory and taught by teachers.

第一部分介绍计算机的基本概念，原理和技巧，由老师授课必修。

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