To solve the problem of growth in the error of long time of preparative running before braking, a backward algorithm is presented.

针对制动之前较长时间的准备运行带来较大测量积累误差的缺点，采用向后数值积分的算法。

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The combined algorithm also can provide the forward and backward level partitions which are very useful for analysis of the structure of project networks.

综合算法还能提供网络的正向和反向等级划分，这对工程网络的结构分析将是十分有益的。

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The algorithm used backward implication in improved FAN algorithm to activate fault and mapped test vector space to the chaotic space, adopted chaotic search to find out the suitable testing pairs.

该算法利用改进FAN算法的反向蕴涵部分激活故障并将测试向量空间映射到混沌空间，采用混沌搜索来确定未确定的测试向量位。

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