The background galaxy is about the size of the Milky Way Galaxy and is about 10 times larger than the foreground galaxy .
背景星系大约与我们银河系相当，并大约10倍于前景星系。
The gravitational lens equations account for all the variables such as distance and density, and provide a better idea of when light left the background galaxy and how far it traveled.
引力透镜公式计算所有的变量，比如距离和密度，对光何时离开背景星系以及行走了多远的距离给出更好答案。
Kashlinsky and colleagues first noticed the dark flow when studying the way gas in galaxy clusters interacts with the cosmic microwave background radiation.
卡什林斯基和同事们是在研究星系团气体与宇宙微波背景辐射之间相互作用时首次注意到黑暗流的。
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