In case of the noise statistic being unknown or variable, adaptive Kalman filter is used to get drift speed of each axle at each test position, and then drift parameter is calculated.

在噪声统计未知或时变的情况下，每个位置采用自适应卡尔曼滤波解算出平台各轴的漂移角速率，并在此基础上辨识出漂移参数。

youdao

Remove differential case from axle housing.

从轴管上拆卸差速箱。

youdao

At this point, the differential case will still turn and one axle shaft will spin twice as fast as the case, while the other shaft will not turn at all.

此时，差速器壳体依然旋转，而一个半轴转速是差速器壳体转速的两倍，另一个半轴根本不转。

youdao

Flywheel technology uses two electric motors at the front axle to supplement the engine (in this case, a 480 horsepower rear-mounted engine).

FORBES: Names You Need to Know in 2011: Flywheel Battery Technology