Unfortunately, the standard definition of a second relies on what the atom does at a temperature of absolute zero. Real clocks need to run at room temperature, where the shell of electrons puffs up.

遗憾的是，一秒钟的标准定义依赖于原子在绝对零度的条件，而实际的时钟需要在室温下运行，室温条件下电子壳层膨胀了。

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To expedite this search, Sankey and his student Eric Dykeman have developed a way to calculate the vibrational motion of every atom in a virus shell.

为了加快研究进度，桑基和他的学生埃里克.戴克曼(Eric Dykeman)开发了一种计算单个病毒原子震动模式的方法。

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We discovered that the concentration of energy in the nucleus of the atom is 2 million times as great as energy in the shell of an atom.

我们发现原子核中浓缩的能量是原子电子层能量的2百万倍。

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Step three in our Lewis structure rules is to figure out how many electrons we would need in order for every single atom in our molecule to have a full valence shell.

路易斯结构规则的第三步是,找出让分子中每个原子的价壳层,都排满应该需要多少个价电子。

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So remember, that when we talked about Lewis structure, the organizing principle behind Lewis structures is the idea that within the molecule the atoms are going to arrange their valence electrons, such that each atom within the molecule has a complete octet or full outer shell.

记得，当我们讨论路易斯结构的时候，路易斯结构所遵循的组织原则是这样一种思路,那就是分子中的原子都倾向于,重新安排它们的价电子,使得分子有一个完整的,“八隅体“或者排满的外壳层。

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And when you talk about n for an orbital, it's talking about the shell that shell is kind of what you picture when you think of a classical picture of an atom where you have 1 energy level, the next one is further out, the next one's further away.

当你们谈到，某个轨道的n时，你们说的是壳层，壳层就是,你想象，一个原子,的经典图像时的场景,你有一个能级，下一个再更远的地方，再下一个又更远。

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It sports an Intel Atom processor, a 12.1-inch display and a conventional plastic shell.

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