In the presence of some special surfactants such as Arabic gum, polyvinyl alcohol or their mixture, the associated ion is soluble in water, accompanied with very sensitive color change.

在某些特殊型表面活性剂，如阿拉伯树胶、聚乙烯醇或其混合溶液的存在下，离子缔合物溶于水，并伴有极灵敏的颜色变化。

youdao

And what I am going to do is say start with this ion, add up the energy associated with the interactions between that ion and everybody else in the row and then multiply it by Avogadro's number, because that is the number of atoms there are in a row.

接下来我要从这一离子开始，加上相互作用的能量，也就是这一离子,和其它所有在这一行的离子之间的能量,再乘以阿伏加德罗常数，因为这是在一行的原子的数量。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选