Five separate companies, all operating as self-standing units, are now one.

五个全部独立经营的分立的公司，现在合并了。

《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

These are known as self-signed certificates.

这些被称为自签署(self - signed)证书。

youdao

Scientists describe such a system as self-organizing.

科学家们将这种系统命名为“自我组织”。

youdao

So it started as self-defense, but I think some operators, they realized very quickly that with piracy you can earn much more money than you can as a descent fisherman.

VOA: standard.2009.10.30

So let me move on now to the next lecture, " which is "Belief as Self-Fulfilling Prophecies".

现在开始下一课，“信念即自我实现预言。

哈佛公开课 - 幸福课课程节选

In the meantime, Trotsky's book is a shot fired across the bow of those forms of "aestheticism"--quote, unquote -which can be understood as self-involved, self-preoccupied, and indifferent to history and class struggle.

同时，托洛斯基的攻击唯美主义,他这样评价，它,唯美主义可以被理解为一种纯粹的自我欣赏，漠视历史和阶级斗争。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

You may well question whether work was ever as self- rewarding as this contrast suggests.

ECONOMIST: What has work become?

The actress Maria Bello describes him as self-deprecating and sarcastic, but also deeply compassionate.

NEWYORKER: The Apostate

The problem is that many of these prejudices start to act as self-fulfilling prophecies.

FORBES: Criminals are ugly - yes, really