Perfecting a robot that bridges the gap will call for advances in almost every facet of modern robotics: artificial intelligence, machine vision, mechanical and electrical design, signal processing.

完善一台填补空白的机器人几乎要求现代机器人每一方面的先进技术：人工智能、机器视觉、机械和电气设计、信号处理。

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Scientists have even engineered artificial switches to start glowing or giving off some kind of electrochemical or biochemical signal once they are switched "on."

科学家们甚至已经设计了人工开关，当它开启时能够发光和者发出电化学或生物化学信号。

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However, in some instances the limits are artificial and may signal an unwillingness to negotiate.

然而，在有些情况下，限制是人为的，可能预示着不愿意谈判。

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The birth and death phases of stars, for example, are associated with heavy dust clouds that give off an infra-red signal which might resemble the swarm of artificial satellites constituting a Dyson sphere.

ECONOMIST: Is it time for a new approach to finding extraterrestrials?