Second, explains the three basic approaches to valuation.

第二、论述三大基本评估方法。

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At present, there exist two approaches to the economic valuation of life: human capital and willingness to pay (WTP).

目前对人的生命经济价值的估算方法基本上可以分为两大类：人力资本法和支付意愿法。

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The traditional valuation approaches to manufactured goods are market comparison approach and cost approach.

产成品评估的传统方法有市场法和成本法。

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Of the three approaches, methods 1 and 3, using currency shares and empirics respectively to adjust for currency valuation effects, result in robust relationships between changes in currency-adjusted FX reserves and the BOP surplus, whereas method 2 using forex purchases as an alternative proxy for adjusted FX reserves is inferior.

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