Whereas Roosevelt knew who the enemy was and what America would have to do, Mr Bush had to choose and name an enemy in a new sort of war without obvious rules, aims or front-lines.

罗斯福知道自己的敌人是谁和美国必需采取怎样的措施去应对，但布什必须选择和指名敌人，而且新型的战争没有明显的规则、目标和前线。

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"Historians will look back on 2008 as the first time in modern memory that spare capacity ran out without a war in the Persian Gulf, and OPEC failed to cap prices," says Mr McNally.

“历史学家一回顾起2008年便记得这是现代历史上首次在不发生波斯湾战争的情况下闲置产能被消耗殆尽，OPEC未能遏制价格上涨，”麦克纳利如是说。

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“Historians will look back on 2008 as the first time in modern memory that spare capacity ran out without a war in the Persian Gulf, and OPEC failed to cap prices,” says Mr McNally.

“历史学家一回顾起2008年便记得这是现代历史上首次在不发生波斯湾战争的情况下闲置产能被消耗殆尽，OPEC未能遏制价格上涨，”麦克纳利如是说。

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At the close of the Civil War I found myself without a home, without money and without work.

VOA: special.2010.07.10

And we're ordering them into war, without looking at all the other ways we could achieve our objectives, and without recgnising the precious values of those lifes.

我们命令他们奔赴战场，却都没有考虑过些许有其它办法,能达到目的，我们意识不到,他们生命价值的可贵。

普林斯顿公开课 - 国际座谈会课程节选

And so, what happens is that he goes to war in the summer of 1870, without any allies, against Prussia and its South German allies, and he thinks he's going to win.

因此,战争在一八七零年夏天爆发,法军孤立无援,单独对抗普鲁士及其南德诸邦盟友,他自认为必胜无疑

耶鲁公开课 - 1871年后的法国课程节选

After the war, the British and French refused to give up their colonies without a fight, and the Soviet Union fueled a Cold War by attempting to restore, and build upon, the older czarist empire in eastern Europe and southern and western Asia.

NPR: 'Folly of Empire' Offers Critique of U.S. Imperialism

God knows what you're going to end up with if all you do is just launch the war and unleash the energy without thinking through these issues.

NPR: 'Battle for Peace' in Iraq Echoes Vietnam

Early this year, in an apparent bid to dampen speculation that the war in Iraq had diverted America from the war on terror, and without laying claim to any fresh intelligence, senior American officials in Afghanistan vowed to have Osama bin Laden behind bars by the year's end.

ECONOMIST: Chasing al-Qaeda: Plots, alarms and arrests | The