In Japan, the birth rate is so low that the population is expected to shrink 21% between now and 2050.

在日本，出生率非常低，以至于人口从现在到2050年间，将减少21%。

youdao

In Japan, for instance, birth rates fell below the replacement rate of 2.1 children per woman in the mid-1970s and have been particularly low in the past 15 years.

比如在日本七十年代中期，出生率降至相当于平均每个妇女生2.1个孩子以下，而且在过去的15年里一直明显的偏低。

youdao

Since the 1970s the number of men and women marrying in their 20s and early 30s has fallen sharply, which is one of the main reasons the birth rate has fallen so low.

从80年代开始，能在20多岁到30岁刚出头就结婚的男女数量直线下降，这是人口出生率如此之低的一个主要原因之一。

youdao

It has been suggested that the lack of mortgages in Italy has contributed to that country's low birth rate and the high average age at which Italians marry for the first time.

ECONOMIST: Mortgage markets

No less than 70% of the country's social-security budget goes to the elderly and only 4% is aimed at child care, reinforcing the low birth rate.

ECONOMIST: Social change in Japan

GDP, a figure certain to rise as Italy's awkward demographics of low birth rate and increasing longevity push the scheme even further out of financial balance.

ECONOMIST: Italian pensions