In a 1984 book, Claire C, Robertson argued that, before colonialism, age was a more important indicator of status and authority than gender in Ghana and in Africa generally.

在1984年的一本书中，克莱尔· C ·罗伯逊认为，在殖民主义出现之前，在加纳和整个非洲，年龄是地位和权威的一个更重要的指标，而不是性别。

youdao

Leading the most powerful fleet in the world, Zheng He made seven voyages to the Western Seas, bringing there porcelain, silk and tea, rather than bloodshed, plundering or colonialism.

当时，郑和率领着世界上最强大的船队七下西洋，带去的不是血与火、掠夺与殖民，而是瓷器、是丝绸、是茶叶。

youdao

For example, English started adopting Asian words (such as "jungle" and "yoga") during the period of colonialism, when it had increased contact with this region.

例如：在殖民统治时期，随着英国与亚洲之间的交流日益频繁，英语中融入了许多亚洲词汇(如“丛林”、“瑜伽”)。

youdao

These include colonialism,immigration, folk culture versus modernity, and women's sexuality.

VOA: special.2010.01.20

"Petro-colonialism was installed in Venezuela, and dominated our politics,our culture, and our economy."

VOA: standard.2010.08.06

Smith says American academicians and journalists often cite a list of root causes for Middle East turmoil, in which the U.S., the West and Israel usually play a big part: a history of colonialism and economic exploitation, the creation of Israel and American support for the Jewish state, the politics of oil, Western backing of repressive Arab regimes and the U.S.military presence in the region.

VOA: standard.2010.03.18

But outside of western Europe and Japan, American policy-makers often believed that they had to choose between maintaining America's opposition to imperialism and colonialism and opposing the Soviet Union in the Cold War.

NPR: 'Folly of Empire' Offers Critique of U.S. Imperialism

Asked to name the world's most active Islamic network, many a pundit would think first of the Muslim Brotherhood, whose reach has extended a long way from Egypt, where it began in the 1920s as a movement of resistance to the twin evils of secularism and colonialism.

ECONOMIST: Global Muslim networks

In retrospect it seems odd and, of course, tragic that in those days, just after World War II, while much of the rest of the world was at least tentatively coming to grips with the embarrassing inequities of racism and colonialism, the Afrikaners were moving their country headlong in the opposite direction.

NPR: One Boy's Heroism in the Face of AIDS