The three main ways of performing thermal calculations are by using a component derating number, or a graph of allowable power versus temperature, or a thermal model.

进行热计算的三个主要方法是通过使用器件降额值、随温度变化功率图或温度模型。

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Power supply voltage fluctuations must be within the allowable range, and remain relatively stable.

电源电压波动必须在允许范围内，并且保持相对稳定。

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System frequency of substation is dependant on active load of power grid. when system frequency exceeds allowable limits load shall be regulated immediately for stabilization of system frequency.

变电站的系统频率由电力网的有功负荷来决定，当系统频率超出允许范围时，应及时调整所带负荷以稳定系统频率。

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And here's an astonishing fact: four-fifths of the allowable carbon dioxide emissions by 2035 are already locked in by existing power plants, factories and buildings.

BBC: Burning issues for the world's future