Among the micro-economics, resource demand and re-allocation process between the supplier, the price is one of the important variables.

在微观经济学之中，资源在需求和供应者之间重新分配的过程中，价格是重要的变数之一。

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Comparative equilibrium — The resource allocation at which supply and demand are equal when all agents are price takers.

相对平衡——资源分配在所有机构都是价格购买者的时候供给等于需求的资源分配。

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Theoretically, as the factor of production, the land only effects as the single productive function, which could optimum allocation according to the price signals of the market.

理论上，土地作为生产要素，只体现为单一的生产功能，可以依据市场的价格信号进行最优配置。

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Economists would generally argue that price is the right way (although with caveats, pure price allocation of drinking water in a drought might raise hackles) to do that rationing.

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Price rationing provides efficient allocation of our great gifts of nature in a system of conservation that any environmentalist should adore.

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As you noted, price fluctuations occur in the European cap-and-trade system because the initial allocation of credits was too generous, rather than any inherent price volatility in carbon markets.

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