Surface waters are expected to form more stable layers as the oceans warm, which will affect the availability of nutrients and, it is increasingly feared, of oxygen.

当海洋变暖时，海水表面会形成更稳定的薄层，薄层会影响水面上营养物质的有效性，更让人焦虑的是，会影响到氧的使用。

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Even small changes in the growth of phytoplankton may affect atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, which would feed back to global surface temperatures.

即使浮游植物的生长发生了很小的变化，也可能会影响大气中二氧化碳的浓度，从而体现在全球表面温度上。

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The NCDC believes, on the basis of preliminary data and in a way that Mr Watts disputes, that the evidence for poor siting does not affect the overall trends in the surface record.

美国国家气候资料中心认为，根据原始数据以及从瓦特先生的争论方式上看，证明选址不佳的证据并不影响全部地表记录的走向。

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What is needed are specific detectors that take advantage of the fact that tsunamis are felt throughout the ocean's depths, unlike wind-generated waves, which affect only its surface.

ECONOMIST: New ways of tracking these killer waves may help save lives

Land use changes matter because different types of surface strongly affect the atmospheric distribution of the Sun's energy.

BBC: Forest in snow 1998 EyeWire,Inc.

Meanwhile, questions have begun to surface over the event's affect on the cruise industry.

BBC: In brief: A movement to ��occupy men��s toilets�� in China