Based on the market participants' adjusting biddings, real-time congestion management is modeled as an optimization problem with the objective of minimizing total adjusting cost.

基于市场成员的调整报价，实时阻塞管理问题被描述为调整成本最小的优化问题。

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The World Bank has predicted adjusting to the effects of climate change will cost up to $100 billion a year until 2050.

VOA: standard.2009.12.17

Fleischer was less emphatic about adjusting cost-of-living benefits or raising the retirement age.

CNN: Bush won't raise Social Security payroll limit

But it also makes it difficult to provide a specific address for an Internet caller, and vendors worry about the cost and complexity of adjusting their systems to do so.

FORBES: Cost Of Net Phone Calls May Rise

Essentially, this is the yearly percentage change in cash value after adjusting for dividends received, premiums paid and the cost of the death coverage itself.

FORBES: Old but still kicking