A handful of genes that are normally active in the developing embryo are expressed in a differentiated cell, such as a skin cell, causing that cell to revert back to its undifferentiated state.

一些通常在发育胚胎中活跃的基因会被分化细胞(比如皮肤细胞)表达，促使细胞回复到未分化状态。

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But the big finding is that the cell nucleus has two compartments-and genes are only active in one.

研究者们的另一重大发现是，细胞核中存在两个间隔区域，而其中只有一个区域的基因是活跃的。

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The new field depends on capturing master proteins called transcription factors that control which sets of genes are active in a cell and thus what properties the cell will possess.

这一新研究领域依赖于获得被称作转录因子的主蛋白质，这种蛋白质控制细胞中哪组基因被激活，从而也就控制了细胞拥有哪些特性。

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Then that--those active forms are released from the cell.

然后,那些活化病毒从细胞中释放出来

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

It's a gene that allows you to deliver a drug that's not active but the gene causes that active - that inactive drug to be converted into an active form that kills the cell.

这一方法利用该基因激活,另一种已经导入细胞的非活性药物,来杀死肿瘤细胞

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

It seems to be particularly important for the growth and survival of some cancer cells and large amounts of the molecule are often present in the cells of non-small cell lung cancers, sometimes in a mutated, over-active form.

BBC: NEWS | Health | Smart drug for lung cancer tested

For a T cell to become active, it must receive signals from another part of the immune system called an antigen-presenting cell.

ECONOMIST: Breaching the body's defences

The studies excluded patients who had received prior B-cell targeted therapy or intravenous cyclophosphamide, and those who had active lupus involving the kidneys or central nervous system.

FORBES: Human Genome Sciences' Benlysta Approved To Treat Lupus