All States that have not done so should sign and ratify because every ratification strengthens the norm of universality and shines a harsher spotlight on the countries that fail to act.

所有尚未签署和批准《条约》的国家都应行动起来，因为每项批准都会加强普遍性规范，让不采取行动的国家受到更严厉的关注。

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The ratification of an unauthorized act must be in the particular mode or form necessary to confer authority in the first place.

追认一项未经授权行为必须以最初授权时所必需的特定方式和形式进行。

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Each country may, at the time it signs this Act or deposits its instrument of ratification or accession, declare that it does not consider itself bound by the provisions of paragraph (1).

每一国家在本议定书上签字或递交批准书或加入书时，可以声明它认为自己不受第(1)款规定的约束。

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There can be ratification, where one did not know of the bad act beforehand, but accepted the benefits of it later.

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