Memory loss, difficulty in performing familiar tasks, and problems with abstract thinking are all indicators of the beginning of the disease.

记忆力减退、做熟悉的任务出现困难、抽象思考出现问题，这些都是疾病开始的征兆。

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Data is retrieved from the location Data Provider — a Data Abstract Layer (DAL) component — which caches all locations in memory.

从位置数据提供者检索数据，这是一个数据抽象层(DAL)组件，在内存中缓存所有位置。

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You can initially create an abstract buffer with an empty linked list of memory block.

最初可以使用内存块的一个空链表来创建一个抽象缓冲区。

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They also assessed their physical and neurological health, and carried out tests - including memory, language and abstract reasoning - to evaluate their condition.

BBC: Social life 'may cut Alzheimer's risk'

Bonnard never painted from life, only from memory, which explains why his painting feels at once concrete and abstract.

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