With escalating costs, declining availability, and mixed quality outcomes, employers have been hurt by the absence of sound national policy.

逐步升高的成本，下降的有效实用性，和混杂的质量，雇主们因为缺乏健全的医疗政策而受损害。

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So, if you are writing code, in the absence of a boss or a company policy telling you what to do, how do you comment it?

那么，如果您正在编写代码，而又没有上司或公司的规定可以做指导，这时，又该如何注释呢？

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Earlier this year when the euro got into trouble, China adopted a wait-and-see policy. Its absence as a buyer contributed to the euro's decline.

今年早些时候欧元陷入困境之际，中国曾采取观望政策，没有出手买入，从而助长了欧元的下跌。

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Evaluating the impact of countercyclical macroeconomic policy is inherently difficult because we do not observe what would have happened to the economy in the absence of policy.

WHITEHOUSE: Recovery Act Fourth Quarterly Report - Executive Summary

But that absence of policy undermines hopes for the UK will develop a home-grown industry manufacturing low-carbon systems like offshore wind farms.

BBC: Energy Bill: Big polluters may be exempted

Tory Glyn Davies suggested there would be no need for a referendum on the devolution of income tax if the four main parties included the idea in their election manifestos (although conversely, you could argue that the absence of policy choice was an argument for a referendum).

BBC: Clegg praises devolution report but will he enact it?