A free electron laser with electromagnetic pumping wave is studied.

本文研究了电磁波泵浦的自由电子激光器。

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It is a free electron so there is no potential energy to be accounted for.

对于自由电子，因此没有什么势能。

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The operation of a free electron laser can be explained without reference to quantum mechanics.

自由电子激光器的操作完全可以被解释清楚而无需求助于量子力学。

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This should make sense, because if an atom has a very high electron affinity, that means it's really happy taking an electron from another atom, or taking a free electron -- that that's very favorable.

这应该是合理的，因为如果一个原子有很高的电子亲和能，这意味着,它非常乐意从另外一个原子那里夺取一个电子，或者得到一个自由电子--这是非常利于发生的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

But we see if we have a free electron, as we do in this dotted line here, that's going to be a higher energy that's less stable.

但是我们看到如果,我们有一个自由电子，就像虚线所示那样，那将会是一个较高的,不够稳定的能量。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

It is a free electron so there is no potential energy to be accounted for.

对于自由电子,因此没有什么势能。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

The US Navy's free-electron laser has broken a few records already, but it's just plowed through another fairly big one -- one that its creators say could put it on the fast track to actually being used to shoot down missiles.

ENGADGET: US Navy's free-electron laser breaks another record, takes aim at missiles next

While some of these weapon and sensor systems like the Electromagnetic Railgun or the Free Electron Laser are at least a decade away, the Laser Weapon System and Air and Missile Defense Radar systems are almost ready for prime time deployment today.

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Normally, an incoming electron would have a good chance of displacing one of these low-energy incumbents, but unlike the free electrons in metals, which are usually singletons, those in a superconductor tend to wander around in pairs.

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