abstract:The Muqaddimah, also known as the Muqaddimah of Ibn Khaldun (Arabic: , meaning in English: Ibn Khaldun's Introduction) or Ibn Khaldun's Prolegomena (Greek: Προλεγόμενα), is a book written by the Tunisian Muslim historian Ibn Khaldun in 1377 which records an early view of universal history. Some modern thinkers view it as the first work dealing with the philosophy of historyDr.