伦敦大学学院的高级荣誉心理学讲师詹姆斯·汤普森博士说，人们一直都很清楚，智力测试的结果是先天能力和其它变量的综合。
Dr James Thompson, senior honorary lecturer in psychology at University College London, said it had always been known that IQ test results are a combination of innate ability and other variables.
这份刊登在家庭心理学杂志上的研究，是由Galena Rhoades高级研究人员、Scott Stanley研究教授、和Howard Markman心理学教授共同完成的。
The research, which appears in the Journal of Family psychology, was conducted by Galena Rhoades, senior researcher, Scott Stanley, research professor, and Howard Markman, professor of psychology.
心理学家以前曾认为，大多数动物缺乏体验所谓的高级情感需求的“自我意识”，比如妒忌、困窘、同理心或内疚。
Psychologists previously believed most animals lack the "sense of self" needed to experience so-called secondary emotions such as jealousy, embarrassment, empathy or guilt.
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