本研究主要探讨了用气冲造型湿型砂来生产铁路钩缓铸钢件，从型砂的配方和型砂系统的控制等几个方面来优化其性能。

This research mainly explores the production of steel castings with air flush molding green sand and the improvement of its character from the molding sand recipe and mold sand system control.

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介绍了我国铁路引进的欧洲和日本共3种动车组密接式钩缓装置的主要技术参数，并对这3种钩缓装置的总体设计、车钩和缓冲器的技术特点进行了比较分析。

Described are the main technical parameters of 3 types of tight-lock draft gears for multiple units in Europe and Japan, which are going to be imported by the Railway in our country.

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