实际承运人制度的设立，有力保障了国际海上货物运输有关当事人的合法权益，具有十分重要的理论和现实意义。
It is of great significance both in theory and in practice as to protecting the rights of related parties in the international carriage of goods by sea.
留置权的正确行使无论对于承运人债权的保障还是货主正当权益的维护都是极为重要的，其作为一种重要的担保方式在海上运输领域发挥着重要的作用。
The right exercise of the lien is much important for protecting the right of the carrier and the goods' owner. As an assuring method it also plays a vital role in the sea carriage.
通过深入理解，灵活的适用履行抗辩权制度，海上货物运输合同中承运人一方可以更有效的保护自己的合法权益，以实现自己订立合同的目的。
Deep understanding and flexible application of the system will effectively help the carrier of contract of carriage of goods by sea protect their benefit, and achieve their goals.
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