他认为，有四个不同的原因，即质料因、动力因、形式因和目的因。
He holds that there are four different causes-material cause, motivation cause, form cause and objective cause.
指物：借以产生效果的质料因或物质手段；但暗示着理性的使用者或发明者。
Of things: The material cause or instrumentality whereby effects are produced; but implying a rational employer or contriver.
一般而言，动力因不是质料的原因，因为动力因以质料为先决条件。
Ordinarily, however, the efficient cause is not the cause of the matter since it presupposes it.
应用推荐