同时多线程处理器在每时钟周期从多个线程读取指令执行，极大地提高了指令吞吐率。

Simultaneous Multithreaded Processors improve the instruction throughput by allowing fetching and executing instructions from several running threads simultaneously in each clock cycle.

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在使用哈佛架构的计算机中，即使没有缓存，CPU也可以在读取指令的同时进行数据访问。

In a computer using the Harvard architecture, the CPU can both read an instruction and perform a data memory access at the same time, even without a cache.

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在基于冯诺依曼架构的计算机中（没有CPU缓存），CPU或者从存储器中读取指令或数据，或者在存储器中写入数据。

In a computer with the contrasting von Neumann architecture (and no CPU cache), the CPU can be either reading an instruction or reading/writing data fROM/to the memory.

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And if you've ever heard the word driver software that you install in your computer so that your computer, your operating system, Windows or Mac OS, knows how to talk to that piece of hardware, it's that driver software that then empowers the operating systems to send those commands as well, up, the data is laid out on the disk.

并且如果你听说过安装到,电脑中的驱动软件这个词的话，你的操作系统，比如Windows或者是苹果操作系统，通过这个驱动软件我们的电脑，才能知道如何与这个硬件进行通信,正是因为这个驱动软件，操作系统才能根据数据，左右移动的指令来读取磁盘里的数据。

哈佛公开课 - 计算机科学课程节选