诉讼竞合，是指当事人就同一争议，基于相同的事实以及相同的诉讼目的同时在两个以上国家的法院提起诉讼的现象。诉讼竞合主要指两种现象：重复起诉和对抗起诉。
规制诉讼竞合已是国际社会的普遍做法。
Constrainting international litigation concurrence is a general act in international community.
国际诉讼竞合的认定是解决国际民商事管辖权冲突的先决条件。
How to define parallel proceedings is the precondition to resolve positive conflict of international civil jurisdiction.
预备合并之诉，正是为解决请求权竞合难题、提高诉讼效率、节约司法资源而构建的一种诉讼制度。
Joinder of preliminary action is a litigation system to solve the problem of combination of rights of claims, enhancing the litigation of efficiency, saving judicial resources.
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