通用管片作为一种较先进的隧道衬砌形式，在盾构法隧道施工中被广泛采用。

As a sophisticated tunnel lining type, the universal segments were applied widely in the construction of shield-driven tunnel.

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通用楔形管片作为一种较先进的隧道衬砌形式，在盾构法施工中能够较好地控制隧道掘进轴线和管片成环质量。

As a sophisticated tunnel lining type, the universal wedge-shaped segments can do a good job in the control of the axis of the shield-driven tunnel and the quality of the segment ring.

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渠道衬砌的冻胀破坏是温度、水分、土质和冻胀力等因素共同作用的结果，是北方地区渠道的主要破坏形式。

The frost heaving damage is main damage form of lining channel in north China, which is an integrative result of temperature, water content, soil characteristic and frost force.

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