焊缝及附近的环向残余应力在内、外表面均为拉应力。
Hoop residual stress es in the weld vicinity are tensile in both inner and outer surfaces.
岩石破坏时最大剪应力位于0.5倍喷嘴直径的径向距离处，同时在固体介质表面边缘产生最大拉应力。
The maximum cutting stress lie of the radial distance of 0.5 double diameter nozzle, while the maximum pull stress lie in the surface edge of the rock.
在管道接头外表面焊缝中心处的轴向残余应力为压应力，而环向残余应力为拉应力。
On the outer surface of the pipe, the axial residual stresses of the weld and in its vicinity are compressive while the hoop stresses keep tensile.
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