中国古代罚金刑并非起源于唐虞时代的“金作赎刑” ，而是萌芽于西周中后期的“货罚”。
The fine penalty of ancient society of China could not be traced to "atone for crime at Tang-Yu times".
人格研究两大传统（特质论和动机论）的对立萌芽于古希腊，起源于奥尔波特和莫瑞的理论。
The roots of the traits and motive traditions can be traced back to different aspects of the ancient Greek conceptions of human nature.
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