历史学家认为,大众旅游的出现始于工业革命时期的英国,当时中产阶级崛起,交通费用也变得相对便宜。
Historians suggest that the advent of mass tourism began in England during the industrial revolution with the rise of the middle class and the availability of relatively inexpensive transportation.
这一限制不仅促成了英国作为欧洲最重要的航运国家的崛起,也为美国的造船业和商船奠定了基础。
This restriction not only contributed to Great Britain's rise as Europe's foremost shipping nation but also laid the foundations for an American shipbuilding industry and merchant marine.
历来倡导自由贸易的英国人大多认为中国的崛起对于全世界来说是机遇而不是威胁。
Traditionally free-trading Britain had more people who saw China as an opportunity than a threat, the survey found.
So this is, in effect, the backdrop in which in the American academy--influenced, - as we'll now see, by certain trends in the British academy-- arose in the thirties and in the forties.
所以实际上,这就是当时美国学术界,受英国学术界影响-,在三四十年代崛起的背景。
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