在提出该概念后，Mahoney(1978)指出，自我管理构成维度包括自我观察(self-observation),自我目标设定(self-goal setting)、线索化策略(cueing strategies)、自我强化(self-reinforcement)、自我惩罚(self-punishment)和练习(rehearsal)等六个方面。
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翻看字典查看“个人成长”一词的含义，自我修养、功成名就、目标设定等词赫然眼前。
If you were to look up the term "personal growth," the words that would most likely pop up would be self-improvement, success, goal-setting, etc.
而我是对的：尽管我在设定目标，制定计划的时候自我感觉十分良好，但我在真正着手做这些事情的时候，却其实是愚钝无比。
And I'm right: although I usually feel very smart when setting goals and planning, the "doer" in me is indeed the dumbest person I know...
为了解答为什么迷信可以提高我们的表现，研究人员测出了参验者“自我效能”(与自信心大致等同)，还了解了他们的目标设定。
To see why these superstitions improved performance, the researchers measured their self-efficacy (roughly equivalent to self-confidence) and goal-setting. This suggested that.
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