本文研究了绿草履虫皮层表面的结构，草履虫体表布满由表膜突起形成的网格，于每一网格中央的表膜凹陷内伸出一根纤毛。

The structure of the cortical surface of Paramecium bursaria is studied. On the whole surface of Paramecium, there is a network formed by the convex of the pellicle.

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方法：8例前牙美观区缺失伴唇颊侧牙槽骨凹陷畸形要求种植修复患者，采用自体碎骨屑移植充填骨缺损区，无孔纯钛膜覆盖治疗，共计植入种植体19枚。

Methods:8patients with bone defects in the aesthetic zone were implant19dental implants, the defects around implants were filled with autograft bones, and then covered by titanium membranes.

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为什么湿法贴膜能克服表面的凹陷和铜瘤?如何在大量生产前去比较和验证填覆能力的差异是大家共同关注的问题，本文系统介绍了一种实用的测试理念和方法，以供同行参考。

That why ? and how to determine or test its advantage on the conformation becomes a hot topic for the PCB experter, A practiced test concept and method will be introduced in this paper.

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